Chapter 14+15 Notes

Chapter 14+15 GSPRITE Review

Geography: Mongolian

Location of the 4 Khanates

Social: Mongolian

Nomadic

Tribal organization

Empire creates universal legal code/ peace for much of Asia

Russia develops separate from Europe/ Peasants=serf

Mongolians forbidden to marry Chinese

Confucian scholars reduced to low-level government jobs

Mongolian women refused to adopt Chinese customs

Social: Outside Mongolian Empire

1/3 of population dead in Europe due to plague

Renaissance starts in Italy: What factors allowed this to happen?

Political

Male leader-held power as long as he was able

Early life of Chinggis Khan

First successful campaign-northern China

Grandson Kublai Khan takes Song China

Conquest of Middle East proves bloodiest

Empire divided into 4 parts upon death of Chinngis

Conquest of Russia-Why so easy

Know you Khanates!

Failed conquest of Japan/ Defeat by the Mamluks of Egypt

Political: Outside of Mongolian Empire

Ming Dynasty (Peasant dynasty) to replace Yuan

-Zhenghe explorations

Religious

Mongolians do not care much for religion

Mongolians are tolerant of religions throughout the empire

Intellectual/Technology: Mongolian

Military organization-cavalry

Tactics used by Mongolians on battlefield

Weapons-long and short bow, bronze cannons, mace

Mongolian rule prevents Russian contact with Western Europe- Why is this a bad thing during the time period?

Intellectual/Technology: Outside Mongolian Empire

Renaissance culture concerned about humans and earthly world (secular)

Economics: Mongolian Empire

Empire promoted trade

Moscow=tax collection

Economics: Outside Mongolian Empire

When Turkish take over Middle East, did not promote trade

Europeans hit the high seas when trade in Middle East is disrupted

Chapter 12+13 Notes

GSPRITE Review for Chapter 12+13

China

Geography

Extent of Tang Empire

Extent of Song Empire

Social

Urbanization of population-Everyone moving to cities starting in the Tang Period of China

Womens’ rights decrease…..thank you Confucianism!

Purpose of foot-binding? (hint- Not just for beauty)

Political

Sui Dynasty Transition (transition from “Era of Division”)

Civil service exams- family connections were still important in getting a job

Religious

Buddhism as State Religion

Buddhism vs Confucianism (Confucianism is king again!)

Pure Land vs. Chan Buddhism

Intellectual/ Technology

Granaries built during the Sui Empire

Where did most art and literature come from in the Song Empire? Ans: Confucian schools/ wealthy class

Economy

Improves under the Tang

Grand Canal Project opens new northern region for food production

Japan/Korea/Vietnam

Geography

Island Geography works against Imperial Japanese government

Social

Feudal Japan (people in society)

Free Peasantry starts to disappear

Political

Japan- Periods of rule )- Fujiwara, Minamoto, Ashikaga

Korean Dynasties (all four)

Both Korea and Vietnam adopt civil service exams like the ones found in China

Vietnam adopts Civil Service Exam but not much else

Religious

Japan- Shintoism (Kami=nature spirit) and Buddhism

Korea- Adopts Buddhism

Vietnam- Elite initially adopt Buddhism

Intellectual/ Technology

The nature of Samurai warfare (hand to hand) breaks down

            -Changes significantly under Daimyo rule

Economy

Feudal Structure in Japan (self-sufficient) and exactly like Europe

Korea capitalizes on Chinese trade as a close tributary

Vietnam-Self-sufficient farmers

Chapter 11 GSPRITE Notes

Geography:

-Location of Incan and Aztec Territories

-Capital Cities

Social:

-Both Incan and Aztecs had socially diverse civilizations

-Total population of post-classical America?  How did it compare to the “Old World”?

-Constant raiding and warfare in lead to complex social stratification for the Aztecs

-As empire grows, so does the gap between rich and poor (Aztecs)

Political:

Both had complex government systems

Both allowed for diversity as long as authority was respected

Aztecs= city-states

Inca= Empire

Split Inheritance (Inca)

Incan Socialism

Religious:

-Both Polytheistic and had human sacrifice

-Both worshipped the sun as a primary god

-Both had Male and Female deities

Intellectual/ Technology:

The Americas develop separate from the “Old World”

How did the Aztecs view the Toltecs?

Which society develops system of writing?

Cyclical calendars?  How does this affect view of history?

Chinampas (Aztec)

Mummification of the dead (Inca)

Extensive roads and terraced farm fields (Inca)

Economic:

Both had government controlled economies

Specialized merchant class (Aztecs)

Tribute divided up among upper-class (Aztec)

Chapter 11 Notes