McCabe Name:__________________
A.P. World History
Chapter 26 Study Guide
Civilizations in Crisis: Ottoman Empire, Islamic Heartlands and the Qing Dynasty
Introduction + Ottoman Retreat and the Birth of Turkey
1. What were some of the weaknesses associated with the Ottoman empire in the eighteenth century?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. Jews and Christians who were merchants in the Ottoman Empire often grew dependant on commercial dealings with __________________ counterparts.
3. In the 18th century, this empire was responsible for forcing the Ottoman’s out of Hungary and the Northern Balkans.
4. In the late 1700’s, what country was the largest threat to the Ottoman Empire?
5. What was the first country to successfully breakaway from Ottoman rule?
6. Which government tried to stabilize the Ottoman Empire in an attempt to remain dominate on the Mediterranean Sea?
7. Identify: Sultan Selim III-
8. Identify: Mahmud II-
9. What were some of the western-style reforms adopted by Mahmud II (Tanzimat reforms)?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10. What sector of Ottoman society was adversely affected by the Tanzimat Reforms?
11. How did the Tanzimat Reforms affect women living in the empire?
12. Identify: Abdul Hamid-
13. Identify: Ottoman Society for Union and Progress-
14. What were three immediate results of the coup in the Ottoman Empire in 1908?
A.
B.
C.
15. In a conflict with Italy, the Ottomans lost their last remaining possession located in _____________________
16. Why did neighboring Arab countries (who initially supported the 1908 coup) turn against the Young Turks?
Western Intrusions and the Crisis in the Arab Heartlands
17. Although most Arabs resented Turkish domination, they could identify with Ottomans as ______________________.
18. In 1798, _____________ invaded Egypt as a prelude to destroying British power in India.
19. What Islamic group ruled Egypt when Egypt was invaded in 1798?
20. Identify: Murad-
21. Identify: Muhammad Ali (not the boxer!)-
22. What were several of the reforms introduced in Egypt after 1801?
A.
B.
C.
D.
23. What was the main reason why Muhammad Ali was unable to overthrow the Ottoman Empire?
24. Although he successfully reformed the Egyptian military, Muhammad Ali failed to significantly reform _______________ and _________________.
25. Identify: Khedives-
26. What was the main cash crop grown in Egypt?
27. Completion of this project made Egypt the most strategic place on earth.
28. Identify: al-Afghani-
29. Identify: Ahmad Orabi-
30. Why did Egyptian army officers stage a rebellion in Egypt in 1882?
31. What was the result of the Rebellion of 1882?
32. Identify: Khartoum-
33. Identify: Muhammad Achmad-
34. Identify: Mahdi- “Promised Deliverer”
The Last Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of the Qing Dynasty in China
35. Identify: Nurhaci-
36. The weakness of the declining _______________ Dynasty rather than the Manchus’ own strength gave the Manchus an opportunity to seize power in China
37. Manchus, who made up less than 2% of the population of the Qing Empire, occupied a disproportional number of the highest ________________ positions.
38. After conquering China, the Manchus’ strongest reform measures were aimed at reforming this area of society.
39. What two factors were a roadblock to the area of reform mentioned in question #38?
A.
B.
40. Identify: Compradors-
41. List some of the signs of decline that surfaced during the end of the Qing Dynasty.
A.
B.
C.
D.
42. In an attempt to retain silver bullion, what product did the British introduce to China’s markets.
43. What happened to China’s economy after the British introduced this new product.
44. What was the name of the war that was fought between Britain and China from 1839-1841.
45. Identify: Lin Zexu-
46. Identify: Taiping Rebellion-
47. Identify: Sun Yat-sen-
48. In what year was the last emperor of China deposed in favor of a republican government?
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